{"id":4521,"date":"2021-03-16T16:28:27","date_gmt":"2021-03-16T13:28:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/?p=4521"},"modified":"2021-03-16T16:28:27","modified_gmt":"2021-03-16T13:28:27","slug":"%d8%ac%d9%80%d9%90%d8%b1%d9%91%d9%8e%d9%87%d9%92-%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b3-%d8%ac%d9%8e%d8%b1%d9%92%d9%87%d9%8e%d8%a7%d8%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/?p=4521","title":{"rendered":"\u062c\u0640\u0650\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0652 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627\u0621"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \/ \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2151 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"168\" height=\"141\" data-wp-editing=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a.jpg 587w, https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a-300x252.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 168px) 100vw, 168px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0624\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 (Gerrha)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648: (\u0393 \u03b5 \u03c1 \u03c1 \u03b1) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 (Gerra) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a (Gerrha) \u0625\u0644\u0649 (\u062c\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627\u0621) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a (\u0393 \u03b5 \u03c1 \u03c1 \u03b1)\u060c \u0623\u0648 (Gerra) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0637\u0642 (\u062c\u0640\u0650\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0647)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 (\u062c\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627\u0621) \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641\u061b \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0393\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642: \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0627\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0641:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642: \u062c\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u03b5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0637\u0642: \u0625\u0628\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0646\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0641:\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u064a \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0637\u0642: \u064a\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u03c1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0637\u0642: \u0631\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0647\u0652\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0641: \u00a0\u00a0 \u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064f: \u0631\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u03c1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0637\u0642: \u0631\u064f\u0648\u0652\u0647\u0652\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0641: \u00a0\u00a0 \u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064f: \u0631\u0627\u0621<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u03b1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0637\u0642: \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0641: \u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u00a0 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0637\u0642: \u0623\u0644\u0650\u0641<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a name=\"_Toc219803198\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a\u064f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0640(\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629) \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a name=\"_Toc219803198\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a name=\"_Toc219803198\"><\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 (<strong>Gerra<\/strong>)\u00a0\u0623\u0648\u00a0(<strong>Gerrha<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0647 (<strong>Gerra &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1<\/strong>) \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u00a0(<strong>Gerrha<\/strong>) \u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 (<strong>h<\/strong>)<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><strong>[2]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0651\u0650\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 260\u00a0\u2013\u00a0261\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646 (<strong>Zenon<\/strong>)<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><strong>[3]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0633 (<strong>Apollonios<\/strong>) \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (285\u00a0\u2013\u00a0246 \u0642.\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 (<strong>\u0393\u0395\u03a1\u03a1\u0391\u0399\u039f\u0396<\/strong>) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647 (<strong>Gerraios<\/strong>) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0631\u0651\u0647 (<strong>Gerra<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062b\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u00a0\u00a0\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646\u064a (<strong>Nicander of Colophon<\/strong>) \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649\u00a0<strong>\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u0651\u0647 (<\/strong><strong>nomads of Gerrha<\/strong>)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><strong>[4]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u00a0\u2013\u00a0\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064c \u064a\u062d\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u061f!\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0652 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0647\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4522\" src=\"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629-\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646-\u0631\u0642\u0645-59536.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1517\" height=\"2048\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629-\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646-\u0631\u0642\u0645-59536.jpg 1517w, https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629-\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646-\u0631\u0642\u0645-59536-222x300.jpg 222w, https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629-\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646-\u0631\u0642\u0645-59536-759x1024.jpg 759w, https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629-\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646-\u0631\u0642\u0645-59536-768x1037.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629-\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646-\u0631\u0642\u0645-59536-1138x1536.jpg 1138w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1517px) 100vw, 1517px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (31): \u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (59536) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 260 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0647\u064a (<strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b6<\/strong>) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">* \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a:<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>http:\/\/ipap.csad.ox.ac.uk\/4DLink4\/4DACTION\/IPAPwebquery?vPub=P.Cair.Zen.&amp;vVol=1&amp;vNum=59009<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 (<strong>Gerra<\/strong>) \u0623\u0648 (<strong>Gerrha<\/strong>) \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0633 (<strong>Polybius<\/strong>) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 200\u00a0\u2013\u00a0118 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 323 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0642\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><strong>[5]<\/strong><\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064d \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0633.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646: (<strong>Gerrha<\/strong>)\u060c \u0648(<strong>Gerra<\/strong>) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><strong>[6]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (<strong>Gerrha<\/strong>) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0641\u064a \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0623\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0648 (63 \u0642.\u0645\u00a0\u2013\u00a024 \u0628.\u0645) \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 (23 \u0628.\u0645\u00a0\u2013\u00a079 \u0628.\u0645) \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (<strong>Gerra<\/strong>) 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srcset=\"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u062c\u0631\u0647-\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646.jpg 1269w, https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u062c\u0631\u0647-\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646-300x74.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u062c\u0631\u0647-\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646-1024x253.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u062c\u0631\u0647-\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646-768x189.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1269px) 100vw, 1269px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1): \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 (\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0647) \u0628\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a 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\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (<strong>Rough Breathing<\/strong>) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0621<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\"><strong>[9]<\/strong><\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a (<strong>\u03b1<\/strong>) \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0622)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642\u0647 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (<strong>\u1f01<\/strong>)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0637\u0642 (\u0647\u0627) \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 (\u0622)<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\"><strong>[10]<\/strong><\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629\u00a0\u2013\u00a0\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u062a\u00a0\u2013\u00a0\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064d \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064d \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a (<strong>\u03c1<\/strong>)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (<strong>Rho<\/strong>)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0629 (<strong>R\u00ea\u0161<\/strong>) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629.<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\"><strong>[11]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a (<strong>Rho<\/strong>) &#8211; \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b &#8211; \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0627\u064b \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0652\u0628\u0652\u062f\u0627 (<strong>\u039b<\/strong>)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648 (<strong>\u039c<\/strong>) \u0648\u0646\u0648 (<strong>\u039d<\/strong>) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 (<strong>Rho<\/strong>) \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 (<strong>r<\/strong>) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a) \u064a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 (<strong>Rho<\/strong>) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u00a0<strong>rough breathing<\/strong>\u00a0(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0621\u00a0<strong>h<\/strong>) \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627: (\u00a0<strong>\u1fe5<\/strong>\u00a0)\u00a0<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\"><strong>[12]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062f\u062f\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0647\u00a0\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629\u00a0<strong>smooth breathing<\/strong>\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u00a0<strong>rough breathing<\/strong>\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 (<strong>\u1fe4\u1fe5<\/strong>)<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\"><strong>[13]<\/strong><\/a>\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0631\u0652\u0631\u064f\u0647\u0640\u0652.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a (<strong>\u1fe5<\/strong>) \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 (\u0631\u064f\u0647\u0640\u0652)<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\"><strong>[14]<\/strong><\/a>\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0629 (\u0645\u064f\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0647) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u00a0\u2013\u00a0\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b &#8211; \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0646\u0627 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\u0647\u0645\u0627 &#8211; \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u0644\u062a &#8211; \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0646\u064a (<strong>Gerra<\/strong>)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 (<strong>\u03b3\u03ad<\/strong><strong>\u1fe4\u1fe5<\/strong><strong>\u03b1<\/strong>)\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u064a (<strong>Gerra<\/strong>) \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u0651\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 (<strong>Gerra<\/strong>) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"110\"><strong>G<\/strong>\u00a0= \u062c<\/td>\n<td width=\"110\"><strong>e<\/strong>\u00a0=\u00a0<strong>\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"110\"><strong>r<\/strong>\u00a0=\u00a0<strong>\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"110\"><strong>r<\/strong>\u00a0=\u00a0<strong>\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"110\"><strong>a<\/strong>\u00a0=\u00a0<strong>\u0627<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 (\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 (<strong>e<\/strong>) \u0623\u0648 (<strong>\u03ad<\/strong>) \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0628\u0651\u0639 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 (\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0631\u0627) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064f \u0623\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u064f\u0643\u062a\u0628 (\u062c\u0650\u0631\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a (\u062c\u0650\u0631\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0627) \u0633\u064a\u062f\u063a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0634\u062f\u0651\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 (\u062c\u0650\u0631\u0651\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0627 (<strong>\u03b1<\/strong>) \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0621 (<strong>\u1fe5<\/strong>) \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a\u064f\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d (\u062c\u0650\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0627) \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a (\u062c\u0650\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0647\u0652) \u0628\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0621\u0652 \u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 (\u062c\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627) \u0623\u0648 (\u062c\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627\u0621\u0652) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>\u00a0\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629) \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629.. \u0627\u0644\u062e.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a>\u00a0\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062c1: \u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 59009\u060c \u0648\u062c4: \u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 59536.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p>A.S.F. Gow and A.F. Scholfield, Nicander, The poems and Poetical Fragments,\u00a0Cambridge, 1952, p. 111.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Hellenistic Age,&#8221; Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 97 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1996<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:<\/p>\n<p>Polybius: The Histories\u00a0of\u00a0Polybius edition, 1922\u00a0thru 1927 (Vol. III) p111 Book V<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a>\u00a0\u062f. \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 1977\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a 4 &#8211; 5.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a>\u00a0\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 (\u062c\u0628\u0644) \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0646\u0627 (\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0647)\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a>\u00a0\u062f. \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 1977\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 17.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a>\u00a0\u062f. \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 1977\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 17.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rho_(letter)\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rho_(letter)<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0in 8 Sept. 2008.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a>\u00a0\u062f. \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 1977\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 17.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a>\u00a0\u0628\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rho_(letter)\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rho_(letter)<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0in 8 Sept. 2008.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a>\u00a0\u062f. \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u064a\u062d: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u2013\u00a0\u0645\u0635\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b 1998\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 1 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rho_(letter)\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rho_(letter)<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0in 8 Sept. 2008.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \/ \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0624\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 (Gerrha)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648: (\u0393 \u03b5 \u03c1 \u03c1 \u03b1) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 (Gerra) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4522,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-77"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4521","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4521"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4521\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4524,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4521\/revisions\/4524"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4521"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4521"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alhasa-turath.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}